ISL 3 - Simple Tenses

SIMPLE TENSES

A. Simple present = base form: I work.  OR base form + -s:  He works. She works. It works. OR base form + -es : I watch / she watches; I study / he studies

1. A general truth.
            The sky is blue.
2. A typical activity.
            I always brush after I eat.
            Bob watches TV every night.
            Sara works 5 days a week.
3. A statement of something existing at the time of speaking.
            I hear the train coming.
            I smell smoke.
4. A scheduled event or activity.
            My plane leaves at 8:30 tomorrow.

B. Simple past = base form + -ed for regular verbs: I worked yesterday. The simple past for irregular verbs varies : He ate lunch at noon. (irregular verb)

1. An activity begun and completed at a particular time in the past.
            I went to work yesterday morning.
2. Commonly used with “after” and “before” clauses.
            After Bob ate dinner, he drove to CEC.
            The students arrived in class before the teacher.
3. “Used to” = past habits (used to + base form)
            I used to ride horses when I was a kid.

C. Simple future = will + base form:  I will work tomorrow.  He will eat dinner later.  OR am / is / are + (going to + base form):  I am going to work tomorrow.   She is going to eat dinner at Al’s Restaurant.  We are going to study Unit 1 tonight.
1. A future event or activity.
            Our break will begin at 8:10.
            I will study later.
            I’m going to study later.
2. Use will (not: going to) to volunteer.
A. Wait a second. I will help you with that sofa. If you try to move it by yourself, your back will be out for a week.
3. Use going to (not: will) with a preconceived plan.
            I’m going to mow my lawn tomorrow.

D. Present perfect = have + past participle: I have worked.  I have eaten.  OR has + past participle: She has worked.  She has eaten.
1. An activity that began in the past and continues into the present , often using “since, ” “since...ago,”  or “for”:
            “since” = a particular time:  I have / She has   studied English since 1997.
            “since...ago” = a particular time:  I’ve / She’s   studied English since 5 years ago.
            “for” = a duration of time:     I’ve / She’s   studied English for 5 years.
2. A repeated activity.
            I have / He has   gone to ESL class every day this week.
3. An activity that occurred at an unspecified time in the past.
            A. Have you ever visited New York?    B. No, but I have visited New Orleans.
4. An activity in a time clause (e.g., when..., while..., after...) that ends before the main clause activity begins.
            I will go to the movie after I have studied Unit 1.            

E. Past perfect = had + past participle: I had worked. She had eaten.                                      
An activity in the past that ended before another activity in the past.
e.g. They had already gone to Lab by the time I  arrived.
F. Future perfect = will have + past participle: I will have worked. She will have eaten.
An activity in the future that will end before another activity in the future.
            e.g. They will have left Lab by the time I arrive.

ISL 2

VERB QUESTIONS

1. When Mom __________ out the kitchen rug, dog hair, bread crumbs, coffee grounds, and spaghetti noodles flew through the air and dusted the sidewalk.
a) shaked
b) shook
c) had shook

2. At the back of the lab, Glenn decorated the margins of his biology textbook with caricatures. When test time arrives, Glenn will wish that he had __________ the different cell types Dr. Shuman was explaining to the class.
a) drawn
b) drawed
c) drew

3. Theodore bought beautiful roses for Glenda, his date. Because he did not have a vase, he rinsed out a peanut butter jar. After Theodore __________ Glenda's reaction to the arrangement, he realized that he had not made a favorable first impression.
a) saw
b) had saw
c) seen

4. Jennifer has discovered that hanging clothes outside to dry has its disadvantages. Recently, a spider crept into a pair of her jeans and __________ a day biting the "intruder"—Jennifer's bare leg—that had invaded the arachnid's new home.
a) spend
b) spended
c) spent

5. Ms. Ayer __________ several deep breaths to keep from exploding at Jerry, whose excuse for missing yet another class was that Grandma had died—for the fifth time in one semester!
a) taked
b) took
c) tooked

 
ADVERB QUESTIONS
Fill in the blank with the correct answers.

angrily, enough, never, outside, yesterday

1. She left _____ for the university where she is doing a degree course.
2. We are standing _____ his house waiting for him.
3. He told us _____ not to walk on the grass.
4. I am not strong _____ to help him carry that box.
5. She will _____ be happy in that job.

down, last week, often,  quickly, rarely

1. _____, I saw him walking to the church.
2. My father is _____ late for work.
3. He drove _____ to avoid being late.
4. I _____ play badminton with my sister.
5. This is the place where he fell _____.

ISL 1

THE ANT AND THE GRASSHOPPER
By Aesop

In a field one summer's day a Grasshopper was hopping about, chirping and singing to its heart's content. An Ant passed by, bearing along with great toil an ear of corn he was taking to the nest.

     "Why not come and chat with me," said the Grasshopper, "instead of toiling and moiling in that way?"

     "I am helping to lay up food for the winter," said the Ant, "and recommend you to do the same."

     "Why bother about winter?" said the Grasshopper; "We have got plenty of food at present." But the Ant went on its way and continued its toil.

     When the winter came the Grasshopper had no food and found itself dying of hunger - while it saw the ants distributing every day corn and grain from the stores they had collected in the summer. Then the Grasshopper knew: It is best to prepare for days of need.

 

PART OF SPEECH / WORD CLASSES

In pairs, choose a text and identify nouns and pronouns reference; and identify adjectives and their functions based on the text:

NOUNS

• A grasshopper was hopping

• An Ant passed by

• To the nest

• Lay up food

• For the winter

• Plenty of food

• Dying of hunger

• Corn and grain

PRONOUNS

• He was taking to

• Why not come out chat with me

• I am helping

• And recommend you to do the same

• We have got plenty of  food at present

• While it saw

• They had collected

ADJECTIVES

• Best to prepare

Agen Pencuci - Penggilap Perabot

Bahan kandungan:
   -caustic soda
   -sodium benzoate
   -linear alkylne benzene sulphanate
   -carbomethyl cellulose
   -sodium chloride

Kegunaan :
• Terdapat dalam bentuk cecair
• Mengilap perabot kayu supaya kelihatan berkilat

Agen Pencuci - Penggilap Lantai

Bahan kandungan:
   -caustic potash
   -tall oil fatty acid
   -pine oil
   -csopropyl alcohol
   -sodium lauryl sulphate

Kegunaan :
• Terdapat dalam bentuk cecair
• Mengilap permukaan lantai yang licin supaya berseri dan berkilat

Agen Pencuci - Pembasmi Kuman

Bahan kandungan:
   -pinetrum
   -piritrin
   -hidrokarbon

Kegunaan :
• Terdapat dalam bentuk cecair
• Membasmi kuman pada permukaan lantai dan sebagainya.

Agen Pencuci - Sabun

Bahan kandungan:
   -surfaktan
   -natrium karbonat
   -fosfat
   -silika

Kegunaan :
• Terdapat dalam bentuk serbuk dan cecair
• Membersihkan kotoran pada perabot, tingkap dan dinding.